Tradisi Wanita Remukan Jari Kaki Demi Kaki Lotus di China

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Pada zaman Dinasti Tang di abad-10 ada sebuah tradisi unik bernama foot binding atau pengikatan kaki. Tradisi ini dilakukan para wanita di zaman itu sejak mereka berusia 6 atau 7 tahun hingga dewasa.


Pada dasarnya tradisi ini merupakan sebuah penderitaan baga para wanita China kala itu. Namun rasa sakit tersebut harus dikubur demi memiliki kaki mungil yang diibaratkan bunga lotus. Konon pada zaman itu, kaki yang kuncup menjadi dambaan semua wanita China.

Sebuah legenda mengatakan bahwa ada seorang selir Pangeran Yao Niang yang berjalan sangat anggun dengan kaki diikat. Inilah yang kemudian menjadi awal mula trend tersebut muncul. Tradisi ini mengatakan bahwa semakin kecil kaki seorang gadis, maka ia akan dipandang semakin cantik. 

Biasanya panjang kaki seorang gadis kala itu hanya berkisar antara 10-15 cm saja. Namun kaki yang paling sempurna dan paling cantik adalah kaki yang memiliki panjang hanya 7,5cm saja. Kaki dengan ukuran kecil ini akan mendapatkan julukan Sancun Jinlian atau Golden Lotus (teratai emas).

Bagi wanita China kala itu pengikatan kaki ini menjadi sebuah kewajiban karena menjadi salah satu syarat untuk menikah. Laki-laki tidak akan mau menikahi wanita yang kakinya tidak diikat.

Itulah yang menyebabkan para ibu dengan terpaksa harus mengikat kaki anak perempuannya. Mereka khawatir anak perempuannya tidak akan pernah bisa menikah.

Seperti dikutip Dailymail, hari pengikatan kaki tidak sembarang dilakukan, biasanya dilakukan pada 24 Agustus yang bertepanan dengan hari ulang tahun “Dewi Kaki Kecil“ atau pada 19 Februari yang merupakan hari ulang tahun Dewi Kuan Im.

Sebelum upacara pengikatan kaki dilaksanakan sang ibu memberikan sesajian dan menyalakan dupa serta berdoa memohon agar selama proses pengikatan menghasilkan kaki kecil yang sempurna.

Proses pengikatan diawali dengan mengoleskan kaki pakai ramuan tumbuh-tumbuhan dan darah hewan supaya lemas. Kuku jari kaki dipotong sedalam mungkin.

Setelah itu jari-jari kaki akan ditekuk ke arah telapak kaki dengan kekuatan penuh sampai tulang-tulang jarinya patah. Hal ini dilakukan tanpa obat bius, sehingga bisa dipastikan gadis cilik akan mengalami kesakitan yang luar biasa.

Jari kaki yang sudah menempel di telapak kaki selanjutnya diikat erat dengan kain. Tindakan berikutnya kaki ini akan ditekuk ke bawah sejajar dengan tungkai kaki sampai tulang punggung kaki patah dan dibebat kembali dengan kain panjang.

Sang anak jelas merasa sengsara. Terlebih dengan kondisi seperti itu, mereka tidak dapat melakukan pekerjaan apapun, termasuk yang paling sederhana. Dengan kaki terikat akan sangat sulit bagi mereka untuk dapat berjalan dengan baik. Bahkan mereka harus berjalan merangkak.

Pengikatan ini dilakukan dua sampai tiga tahun. Meskipun si gadis ini masih dapat berjalan, namun hanya perlahan-lahan. Dirinya akan lebih banyak bertumpu pada tumit dan gaya berjalannya akan sedikit menekuk lututnya dan berlenggak-lenggok. Gaya berjalan ini dinamakan Lotus Gait yang memang dianggap sangat menggemaskan secara seksual oleh para pria.

Tidak semua aksi ini berjalan mulus. Tidak sedikit dari kaki para gadis tersebut yang infeksi dan mengeluarkan bau busuk. Itulah sebabnya dalam bercinta si wanita tetap mengenakan kaus kaki dan sepatu lotusnya.

Bahkan tidak jarang dari para wanita ini yang harus kehilangan nyawanya karena menderita infeksi yang berkepanjangan.

Budaya ini akhirnya hilang setelah revolusi Sun Yat Sen. Tradisi ini kemudian dilarang dan para wanitapun bisa terbebas dari tradisi menyiksa ini. (GWH)
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